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#avalanche

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Unusually heavy spring snow storm wreaks havoc in the Alps.

Heavy snowfall killed at least one person while another was severely injured in an avalanche as snow blanketed areas of Switzerland, Italy and France.

The unusually heavy spring storm dumped more than a metre of snow in some areas, shutting ski areas, roads, trains and schools, as authorities urged people to stay home.

mediafaro.org/article/20250417

A person clearing snow from a street. | © Olivier Chassignole, AFP
France24 · Unusually heavy spring snow storm wreaks havoc in the Alps.By France24

Predicting Landslide Speeds

Knowing what speed a landslide will reach helps us predict how much damage they can cause. That speed depends on many factors: the steepness of the terrain, the sliding distance, the thickness of the flowing layer, and the type of grains making up the flow. Researchers found that predictions from previous studies often underestimated the speeds reached by thicker flows. Through laboratory experiments with grains of different shapes, a team found that those models mistakenly assumed a fully-developed flow — in other words, one where the grains have reached a constant final speed. While spherical grains reach that state over a short sliding distance, that’s not the case for other grains.

Instead, the team used their results to build a new predictive model for landslide speeds. This one still depends on incline angle and flow thickness, but it also uses a dynamical friction coefficient to describe the granular material and capture how the flow’s speed varies with distance down the incline. (Image credit: W. Hasselmann; research credit: Y. Wu et al.; via APS News)