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#2024yr4

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NASA doubles odds of Moon hitting Near-Earth Asteroid [2024 YR4].

"Experts at NASA’s Center for Near Earth Object Studies at the agency’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory have updated [2024 YR4]’s chance of impacting the Moon on December 22, 2032 from 1.7 to 3.8 percent," the agency said.

science.nasa.gov/blogs/planeta

Aardscheerder 2024 YR4 is vermoedelijk afkomstig uit de hoofdgordel

Astronomen hebben met behulp van het GMOS-instrument (Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph) aan de Gemini Zuid-telescoop bepaald dat de recent gevonden aardscheerder 2024 YR4 een van de grootste objecten in de recente geschiedenis is dat op de Maan kan ins

kuuke.nl/aardscheerder-2024-yr

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Here are three orthogonal views of a convex shape model of asteroid 2024 YR4 from the paper - a top down view (X-Y) and 2 side views (X-Z and Y-Z).

The asteroid is spinning around the Z axis.

So, what are the physical processes responsible for this flattish shape? Was the asteroid more spherical in the distant past?

Paper: arxiv.org/html/2503.05694v2
#2024YR4
5/n

I read people being surprised that #2024YR4 is shaped like an irregular block.

Such a shape is typical for small rapidly-spinning asteroids, which are held together by tensile strength rather than by gravity.

For a similarly-sized comparison, consider 2015 HM10: public.nrao.edu/news/radar-201

National Radio Astronomy ObservatoryImage Release: Radar Observations Shine New Light on Near-Earth Asteroid - National Radio Astronomy ObservatorySummer school astronomers image near-Earth asteroid.

The discovery and characterization of Earth-crossing asteroid #2024YR4: arxiv.org/abs/2503.05694 -> Astronomers Trace Earth-Crossing Asteroid to Surprising Origin: keckobservatory.org/2024-yr4/ (namely that it's a solid, stony type that likely originated from an asteroid family in the central Main Belt between Mars and Jupiter, a region not previously known to produce Earth-crossing asteroids).

arXiv logo
arXiv.orgThe discovery and characterization of Earth-crossing asteroid 2024 YR$_4$We describe observations and physical characteristics of Earth-crossing asteroid 2024 YR$_4$, discovered on 2024 December 27 by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System. The asteroid has semi-major axis, $a$ = 2.52 au, eccentricity, $e$ = 0.66, inclination $i$ = 3.41$^{\circ}$, and a $\sim$0.003 au Earth minimum orbit intersection distance. We obtained g, r, i, and Z imaging with the Gemini South/Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph on 2025 February 7 and Y and J imaging with the Keck/Multi-Object Spectrometer For Infra-Red Exploration on 2025 February 12. We measured a g-i spectral slope of 13$\pm$3 $\%$/100 nm, and color indices g-r = 0.70 $\pm$ 0.10, r-i = 0.25$\pm$0.06, i-Z = -0.27 $\pm$ 0.10, and Y-J = 0.41 $\pm$ 0.10. 2024 YR$_4$ has a spectrum that best matches R-type and Sa-type asteroids and a diameter of $\sim$30-65 m using our measured absolute magnitude of 23.9 $\pm$ 0.3 mag, and assuming an albedo of 0.15-0.4. The lightcurve of 2024 YR$_4$ shows $\sim$0.4 mag variations with a rotation period of $\sim$1170 s. We use photometry of 2024 YR$_4$ from Gemini and other sources taken between 2024 December to 2025 February to determine the asteroid's spin vector and shape, finding that it has an oblate, $\sim$3:1 a:c axial ratio and a pole direction of $λ$, $β$ = $\sim$42$^{\circ}$, $\sim$-25$^{\circ}$. Finally, we compare the orbital elements of 2024 YR$_4$ with the NEO population model and find that its most likely sources are resonances between the inner and central Main Belt.
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An impact of #asteroid #2024YR4 on the #Moon could be visible from Earth, if it impacts the side that faces us. Additional hazards not mentioned in articles I've seen so far would affect planning for #NASA #Artemis landing missions and Lunar Gateway space station (not yet launched). Some ejecta/debris from the impact would leave the Moon's weak gravity and could threaten Earth or our satellites weeks or months after impact. #astronomy #PlanetaryDefense #PlanetaryDefence #LowFlyingRocks #space

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